ubuntu commands

ubuntu commands

Seach the cached list of packages the contain a command or description

$ apt-cache search nload

Search the list of installed packages

$ dpkg-query -S mount

List all the files contained in the initscripts package

$ dpkg -L initscripts

Refresh the list of cached packages

$ sudo apt-get update

• APT: Use APT to download and install packages form online repositories.
• dpkg: Use dpkg to work with .deb files
• aptitude: Use aptitude at the command line for working with online repositories

To report on the total number of packages available

$ apt-cache stats

Output:

Total package names: 60926 (1,219 k)
Total package structures: 102901 (5,762 k)
  Normal packages: 71359
  Pure virtual packages: 1187
  Single virtual packages: 9068
  Mixed virtual packages: 1825
  Missing: 19462
........

Enabling More Repositories for apt

$ sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list

In a minimal system install, adding software collections with tasksel

$ sudo tasksel

Managing software with APT

check for updates to the packages

$ sudo apt-get update

To fid packages in any available repository

$ apt-cache search [package-name]

Install package

$ sudo apt-get install [package-name]

Display information about the software

$ apt-cache show [package-name]

Check updates for all installed packages and then prompt to download and install them with this command

$ sudo apt-get upgrade

Run this command anytime to delete partially downloaded packages, or packages no longer installed

$ sudo apt-get autoclean

Remove all cached packages from /var/cache/apt/archives to free up disk space using this command

$ sudo apt-get clean

This command removes the named package and all its confiuration fies

$ sudo apt-get --purge remove [package-name]

This command does a sanity check for broken packages. This tries to fix any

$ sudo apt-get -f install

This command lists GPG keys that APT knows about

$ sudo apt-key list

Check for dependencies the packages

$ sudo apt-cache depends [package-name]

Removing packages

$ sudo apt-get remove [package-name]

Clean up packages

$ find /var/cache/apt/ -name \*.deb
$ sudo apt-get clean

Downloading packages

$ sudo apt-get download [package-name]

Managing software with dpkg

This command lists all installed packages

$ dpkg -l

This command lists all the files that have been installed from a package

$ dpkg -L [package-name]

Install a package

$ sudo dpkg -i [package-name]

Remove a package

$ sudo dpkg -r [package-name]

Remove package and configuration file

$ sudo dpkg -P [package-name]

Verifying install packages with debsums

$ debsums -a Check all files, include config files left out by default
$ debsums –e Check config files for packages only
$ debsums –c List only changed files to stdout
$ debsums –l List files that don't have md5sum info
$ debsums –s List only errors; otherwise be silent
$ debsums package List the packages you want debsums to analyze

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